Most exposure to dust mite droppings occurs while sleeping and when dust is disturbed during bed-making or any other movement.
It is an established fact that dust mites can be found all over the world. There are two common dust mites: the American house dust mite also called Dermatophagoides Farinae and the European house dust mite also called D. Pteronyssinus. Due to their small size, these dust mites are not visible to the naked eye.
They pass through six developmental stages, and the adult form may also molt once. Adult female mites lay cream-colored elliptical eggs coated with a sticky fluid that helps them adhere to the substrate. Under optimal conditions, the cycle from egg to adult mite takes about one month.
Both species of house dust mites feed on human skin scales, pollen, fungi, bacteria, lepidopteran - moth and butterfly -scales, animal dander, and skin scales of birds. Human, cat, dog, and horse dander have been used to raise these species in a laboratory. The food consumption of these mites and development increases with higher relative humidity. Mites survive best at relative humidities of 40-50% and temperatures of 55-85 degrees F.
They live in bedding, couches, carpet, stuffed toys and old clothing. Dust mites droppings are second only to pollen in causing allergic reactions. When dust mites grow, they shed their skin. The shed skin and their feces are what cause allergic reactions in people. Allergic reactions range from itchy noses, sinus irritation, dry, irritated and scratchy eyes to throat problems and many other symptoms, including severe asthma attacks.
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